The forgotten group memeber case Essay Example

The forgotten group memeber case Essay The facilitator, Christine, is assumed to embrace the same roles and adhere to the equivalent theories defined for a leader. Also, it is believed that the principles taught within Professor Rasmussens Organizational Behaviour class are consistent with those discussed by Dr. Keeping. The outcomes associated with the alternative solutions are based upon the likelihood of their interpretations within the group meeting corresponding with our interpretations of the theories utilized and are not explicitly applied with certainty. Statement of the Problem Due to lack of: clearly defined team roles, demonstrated leadership qualities, effort by all members and acknowledgment of communication barriers, conflict was imminent within the group. Immediate problems to be addressed by all members of the group include Janets feelings of exclusion from the group and Christines lack of insight into the apparent causes of Janets loss of motivation to be a group member. Professor Rasmussen must decide whether to resolve the feelings of inequality between the group members and if delegating a further assignment to Janet is appropriate. Analysis of the Problem As stated in the course outline received by all students at the commencement of the term, group work is considered to be the primary medium through which applying the theories learned in class is to be implemented. Causes of animosity within the group may be attributed to group dynamics, norm formation, leadership inefficiencies, perceptions, conscientiousness and communication barriers. As explained by Professor Rasmussen during the second class, all groups undergo four stages of interaction: forming, norming, storming and performing1. We will write a custom essay sample on The forgotten group memeber case specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The forgotten group memeber case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The forgotten group memeber case specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer These four phases are also referred to as mutual acceptance, communication and decision making, motivation and productivity and control and organization. Interaction amongst those who have had no previous relations together is facilitated through the first stage; where personal preferences and work schedules are exchanged, strengths and weaknesses made apparent and expectations clarified2. The first group meeting held was used to recognize these necessities. The second stage, where norms, goals and performance ideals are mutually established through discussion, should not occur without careful consideration and input by all members. The formation of the group failed to fully complete this stage however, allowing the ambiguous actions of members to be perceived incongruently. Norms are behaviours that social groups deem proper when interacting, so that actions may be consistent and activities made predictable3. To be effective, all must clearly understand and adhere to these expectations for there to be cohesiveness. At the commencement of the semester, Professor Rasmussen defined his norms for the groups and required all students to sign a contract, indicating that all expectations have been acknowledged. Unfortunately, within Christines group, not all members abided by the norms. One member in particular, Janet, failed to fulfill the contract to its fullest extent, however, one should not fault the lack of cohesiveness strictly to Janet. The group accepted the norms delivered by Professor Rasmussen but did not redefine or set out norms to be suitable for them selves. Nor was the contract or its contents reviewed during the group meetings. Therefore, it may be inferred that the group failed to establish strict rules or guidelines, causing the situation they are presently in. Christine, as facilitator, should have ensured that the norms were set as they are a vital aspect of a successful group4. Christines style of leadership throughout this situation may be described using the theory of Leader-Member Exchange. This theory focuses upon the unique relations between a leader and their subordinates. Greater personality similarities contribute to closer relations, allowing for stronger bonds to be forged5. These strong personality connections cause the subordinate to be designated a member of the ingroup. The ingroup consists of those who receive special preferences such as inclusion within social activities that occur outside of the organization. Those subordinates who do not receive this special treatment are considered the outgroup members. As facilitator, Christine did not form a strong inter-personal relationship with Janet, her subordinate. As sole member of the outgroup, Janet did not satisfy the need to relate to her colleagues as defined by ERG; a theory first proposed by Clayton Alderfer that defines the needs of existence, relatedness and growth as essential to human motivation. The need of relatedness is the ability to identify with ones peers and establishing a sense of belongingness6. Janet was not able to experience the cohesiveness established through the extracurricular social interactions. The rest of the members were able to receive these benefits and become highly cohesive due to their designated statuses as members of the ingroup. Because Janet was excluded from the ingroup and was allocated to the outgroup, she was lead to encompass unmotivated behaviours. She was lead to feel unmotivated, as she was a victim of the fundamental attribution error principle. This theory states that one may have their preferences and ideals seen as the primary cause of their actions although situational attributions may be the proper cause7. Janet experienced this bias by the members of her group, as she chose to help her boyfriend with his project instead of meeting with the group at the designated time, as she previously agreed to. From her perspective, she did not intentionally choose to spend the allotted time with her boyfriend, however the group feels that her actions were a blatant attempt to avoid contributing further. This principle was also used by Janet, as she attributed Christines lack of social inclusion to the general dislike of her personality. Due to the diverse personality composition of the group, it is imperative that the leader manages the situation with care to ensure that conflicting ideals do not affect the groups cohesiveness. Stereotypes attributed amongst the members of the group lead to distrust as well as communication problems. A leader must recognize these issues and allocate the required time towards helping the group unify8. When Christine first met with her group, she made stereotypical assumptions about each individual based upon her first impressions and the brief biographies supplied to her. One may describe representativeness heuristics as a method in which a person evaluates others based on characteristics or previous occurrences9. Christine utilizes this principle when she assumes that Janet is unmotivated and uninterested with the group project; as she was late to the first meeting and mentioned all her free time was spent with her boyfriend. This causes the group to feel as though Janet does not want to work with them, which leads her to feel unwelcome. Although Janet has contributed her allotted portion of the assignment, Christine still holds negative feelings due to selective perception10; the ability to omit information, which does not correspond to, established beliefs. Despite the fact that Janet was a fully contributing member, the group continued to hold a negative bias due to her lack of social activity. Also, Mike had the tendency to put forth less effort than other group members, which is looked upon as free riding. A free rider is one who tries to maximize their outputs while minimizing their level of inputs11. Due to his lack of focus and recurring need to bring humour to all situations, Mike is seen as a fully contributing member because of his constant presence. Christines lack of leadership contributed to the differing ways in which each individual was treated, causing the group to have a lack of respect for her position. A persons conscientiousness defines the range of tasks they wish to sustain and the variety of activities in which they chose to involve themselves. A person who appears to focus on effectively completing a small number of goals is viewed as displaying high-conscientiousness. They value the characteristics being responsible, organized and self-disciplined. Anchored at the opposing end of the continuum are those whom are regarded as exhibiting low-conscientiousness. They apply themselves to a large number of responsibilities that often cause them to become overwhelmed by the volume and incapable of applying the effort required. People within this category tend to be careless, irresponsible and lack self-sufficiency12. In applying this theory to the case, it is apparent that Janet tends demonstrate characteristics consistent with a less-conscientious person. She is studying at a university, maintaining two jobs and is fully committed to a serious relationship. Therefore, Janets time is greatly consumed with a larger variety of activities than others within her peer group. This detracts from her performance in the group-case study. Communication is an essential element for coordinating efforts and sharing information within any interpersonal atmosphere13. Barriers to communication arose concerning Mikes free- riding tendencies and Janets failure to attend group meetings regularly due to Christines failure to fulfill the role of facilitator. Instead of avoiding the conflict, Christine should have resolved the issues as they became apparent, for they caused stronger concentration upon Janets individualized status.

College and its Debts Essays

College and its Debts Essays College and its Debts Essay College and its Debts Essay FIDE is nationally known as a private college. That allows students to pursue their career in fashion. There are a total of four campus locations. Altogether they all offer some of the same opportunities. However, becoming a student to any campus can result in coming out in debt or even huge amounts of stress. Although FIDE has such high expectations for its students it also adds to the many issues we already face. Allowing students to live up to their greatest potential. Attending FIDE for nearly 2 months I have become familiar with the campus. It is ere small, colorful, and pretty much a huge circle. Everyone knows each other and it is real easy to make connections with others. As well as building a close relationship with your teachers and counselors. But one thing that needs a major change is the process of students taking out loans in order to attend school. With students going through the process to be enrolled is already a long enough process. Then allowing them to use all there financial aid to cover the half that they need it for, and take out a loan to pay off the amount they cannot pay. Being a student is already enough stress. But having to worry whether or not you will graduate in debt should never be the worries of any student. Going to school for something that you enjoy doing should never become a burden. If you choose to attend a private school that specializes in your major it should be a place that is inexpensive, and has your best interest. Something that I hear on the FIDE campus constantly is students asking other students how theyre paying for school. It is evident by the answers most of them are dependent on their parents or relaying on the fact that they have to take out a student loan.

Biography of Kit Carson

Biography of Kit Carson Kit Carson became widely known in the mid-1800s as a trapper, guide, and frontiersman whose daring exploits thrilled readers and inspired others to venture westward. His life, for many, came to symbolize the hardy traits Americans needed to survive in the West. In the 1840s Carson was being mentioned in newspapers in the East as a noted guide who had lived among the Indians in the region of the Rocky Mountains. After guiding an expedition with John C. Fremont, Carson visited Washington, D.C., in 1847 and was invited to dinner by President James K. Polk. Lengthy accounts of Carons visit to Washington, and accounts of his adventures in the West, were printed widely in newspapers in the summer of 1847. At a time when many Americans were dreaming of heading westward along the Oregon Trail, Carson became something of an inspirational figure. For the next two decades Carson reigned as something of a living symbol of the West. Reports of his travels in the West, and periodic mistaken reports of his death, kept his name in the newspapers. And in the 1850s novels based on his life appeared, making him an American hero in the mold of Davy Crockett and Daniel Boone. When he died in 1868 the Baltimore Sun reported it on page one, and noted that his name has been the synonym of wild adventure and daring to all Americans of the present generation. Early Life Christopher Kit Carson was born in Kentucky on December 24, 1809. His father had been a soldier in the Revolutionary War, and Kit was born the fifth of 10 children in a fairly typical frontier family. The family moved to Missouri, and after Kits father died his mother apprenticed Kit to a sadder. After learning to make saddles for a time, Kit decided to strike out westward, and in 1826, at the age of 15, he joined an expedition that took him along the Santa Fe trail to California. He spent five years on that first western expedition and considered that his education. (He received no actual schooling, and did not learn to read or write until late in life.) After returning to Missouri he left again, joining an expedition to northwestern territories. He was engaged in fighting against the Blackfeet Indians in 1833, and then spent about eight years as a trapper in the western mountains. He married a woman of the Arapahoe tribe, and they had a daughter. In 1842 his wife died, and he returned to Missouri where he left his daughter, Adaline, with relatives. While in Missouri Carson met the politically-connected explorer John C. Fremont, who hired him to guide an expedition to the Rocky Mountains.   Famous Guide Carson traveled with Fremont on an expedition in the summer of 1842. And when Fremont published an account of his trek which became popular, Carson was suddenly a famous American hero.   In late 1846 and early 1847 he fought in battles during a rebellion in California, and in the spring of 1847 he came to Washington, D.C., with Fremont. During that visit he found himself very popular, as people, especially in the government, wanted to meet the famous frontiersman. After having dinner at the White House, he was eager to return West. By the end of 1848 he was back in Los Angeles. Carson had been commissioned an officer in the U.S. Army, but by 1850 he was back to being a private citizen. For the next decade he was engaged in various pursuits, which included fighting Indians and trying to run a farm in New Mexico. When the Civil War broke out he organized a volunteer infantry company to fight for the Union, though it mostly battled with local Indian tribes. An injury to his neck from a horseback accident in 1860 created a tumor that pressed on his throat, and his condition worsened as the years went on. On May 23, 1868, he died at a U.S. Army outpost in Colorado.

Castle Bingo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Castle Bingo - Essay Example ----------------------------------------------13.0 Appendices----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13.0 Castle Bingo Executive Summary The research’s finding is that there are many significant supports from each community have a concern on modernization of the active leisure of Castle Bingo and to improve the parks and open more spaces for advancements. There is a significant support for the use of council budgets to support the castle leisure services and strong and effective support for all the small increases in council tax to cater for the improved services especially for games. There seems to be general opinions for the current technology and community services about the Castle Bingo which has been an existing company based in Cardiff office for many years. The concern is on the two types of the customer that is off line based on attending clubs and on line gamers based on internet and their web sites. The findings from th e research are that Castle Bingo online web site concentrates on the information based on the club information. The current location for the main club is favored mostly especially on the by the focusing groups but their experience is expected towards the current location of the sites for the new facilities. The main concern is that the offline and online castle leisure is to focus on the effective marketing research program. Clearly, there is a feeling of the focus group members that the current contract of leisure in problem. This is perceived from the work against all the sports for all the members and the promotion including the management which is mostly concerned with the targeting group. Improving the quality of the on going centers in better location would encourage the current users on the improvement on effective marketing programs though these issues would be addressed in the management teams. Most of the people urge that the council should use its funding including the ta x from the councils to provide sports and other services in order to make the marketing research effective and efficiency. The decisions of the managers in Castle Bingo are based on the benefits of the company as a whole but not on the side of the individuals. Introduction Castle leisure researches interviewed a representative samples targeting 1000 people from the city using an agreed questionnaire. The studies were concerned with 10 locations for researcher where by the sample sizes were formulated: Sample size: this includes the sample social demographics of the data according to their ages and sex. Sample size Male and females Total 1020 15-24 Spalding 850 25-30 Long

Summary of frankl's book Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary of frankl's book - Essay Example gs special meaning to the field of nursing since it gives ideas which can be used to establish therapeutic healing relationships between nurses and the individuals under their care. For example, Frankl (1997) presents the idea that life never stops having a meaning therefore there is no such thing as a meaningless existence. Individuals will always have something to live for. While Frankl offers concrete examples such as family and loved ones, he also includes the spiritual aspect of living for a cause and suggests that even in the direst situations; a reason to live can be found in the shape of God. For nurses, it becomes important to note that if this faith in family, friends or a spiritual deity is lost by an individual, the process of recovery can be harmed significantly. The relevance of this idea to the theory of nursing becomes clear when we understand that nurses are supposed to provide assistance in the healing process and create professional relationships with patients under their care. These positive relationships can help along the healing process for the patient. Another important point which Frankl makes is the idea concerning the individual attitude which a person can have with regard to a calamity. He notes that some prisoners were able to take whatever the concentration camps dished out to them and survive simply because they had a positive attitude within them. Even in suffering, a positive attitude can lessen the pain a person is going through and allow him/her to come to terms with what has afflicted them. On the other hand, those who give up or become negative may not only enhance their own suffering but also affect how others around them are feeling. The lesson for a nurse is simply to remain positive and encourage patients to think positively. On a personal note, I found the book to be highly motivational and I believe that it offers some important life lessons for people from all walks of life. It is certainly a popular book and does

Eagles band

Eagles band Eagles Band The Eagles band had many members over the years. They created many different albums over a period of time. The Eagles became more and more famous, as time went by. They traveled the world, and told storys through their song writings. The Eagles formed in 1971, Los Angeles, CA. The group started with Bernie Leadon, Randy Meisner, Glenn Frey, and Don Henley. Then around 1974 Don Felder, who was called in to do guitar work, was added to the group. In 1975 Bernie was replaced by Joe Walsh, and in 1977 Randy was replaced by Timothy B. Schmit. The group went on with Henley, Frey, Schmit, Walsh, and Felder. With the first four members the group is signed by Asylum Records. The Eagles travel to London where their debut album is released in 1972 titled Eagles. The group made it very clear they were Eagles not The Eagles. The first single Take It Easy led them to earned instant world wide recognition. The Eagles tour until the end of the year where another song toped the charts at number nine called Witchy Woman. In 1973 the group decides to do a follow up album in London. After long hours and hard work half way done with the album, they decide they want a different sound, more rock like you could say. So they packed up and moved everything to California where they worked with producer Bill Szymczky. There they created Desperado. This just lets everyone know just how talented and great storytellers they are. In 1974 their next album On The Border is released. This is when Felder was brought in to some work, and after the release he was made part of the band. Their single Best Of My Love was number one on the adult contemporary charts. This made it possiable for the Eagles to get their first gold single record as well multiple Grammy nominations. In 1975 the Eagles are ready once again to release their fourth album which is One of These Nights. The song titled One of These Nights, which is a rhythm and blues song, is released early makes the album gold certified after only being out for one week. At the end of this year Bernie decides to leave the group. He is then replaced by Joe Walsh. Now in 1976, Eagles are becoming more and more famous. Asylum decides its time to take all of their greatest hits from 1971 and 1975 and put them on one album. This sells over a million copies. This earns them the first RIAA platinum award in that category. Out of all the albums upon release this is the third in history to sell at the million unit mark. The same year the band wins their first Grammy for the single Lyin Eyes.As 1976 comes to an end the group releases their next album Hotel California, receiving the most outstanding commercial and critical success and reaching number one on the Billboard Charts and goes gold. At this point, Hotel California sells nine million copies, which surpasses the seven million units of Eagles: Their Greatest Hits 1971-1975. The following year is spent touring the US, Canada, England, Scandinavia, Scotland, and Europe. In August at the end of this year Randy Meisner decides to leave the band. He is then replaced by Timothy B. Schmit. The Eagles just keep going and going. By 1978 which is a very successful year for the band. For they receive two Grammy awards one for best vocal arrangement for New Kid In Town and record of the year for Hotel California. Which just happens to be one of my favorite songs. At this time the group spends the year recording The Long Run. When they had breaks for this album, the Eagles release Please Come Home for Christmas and Funky New Year. The single became the first Christmas record to break into the top twenty on national music charts in over twenty years. Around 1980 the band was falling apart; however, they went ahead and kept their promises of a Japanese tour with a stop in Hawaii. then they release The Long Run and it reaches number one on the Billboard Charts. Before the official announcements are made about the band they release the 1981 album Eagles Live. This album reaches number six on the charts. Even with all the success, the Eagles decide to go their own separate ways. The Eagles returned after fourteen years for a MTV special. This 1994 live recording titled Hell Freezes Over became number one on the Billboard Charts. It went on to sell over fifteen million copies. During the next two years the band goes on tour, proving to be the most successful tours in music history. In 1998, the Eagles were placed into the Rock N Roll Hall of Fame. In 1999 as the new millennium was arriving , the Eagles decided to play a New Years Eve show. They open the new Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. Now its the year 2000 the Eagles release a four CD box set with Selected Works from 1972-1999 which includes highlights from that New Years Eve show as well as hit songs throughout the bands career. Talk about a come back! In 2001 the band decides to fire Don Felder. Apparently he started fights with in the group. So now we are down to just four members. During interviews, the group reports that it is more peaceful with Felder gone. The band now consisting of Don Henley, Glenn Frey, Joe Walsh, and Timothy B. Schmit, went on to tour Europe in the summer of 2001. The Eagles, have entertained fans all around the world for three decades and there not done yet, in 2007 they released a double album long Road out of Eden. Then they of course went on to do a world tour which was a guaranteed sold out event. As you can tell by now the Eagles have had a variety of members. They were known for there very talent story telling through their songs. They were very Famous and put together many albums for us to enjoy. I wonder what the Eagles will have in store for us next.

Mina Loy’s poem “Lunar Baedeker” Essay

When read top to bottom, Mina Loy’s poem â€Å"Lunar Baedeker† may sound like a story of drugs, sex, and desperation. In reality, it is an encrypted biography of part of Loy’s life, as well as symbolic of the cycles of life. Let’s start with the title, shall we? â€Å"Lunar Baedeker,† the word ‘lunar’ means moon. It can also mean relating to the moon, but more importantly it can mean measured by the moon’s cycles. What in the world is a â€Å"Baedeker† though? Baedeker is actually one Karl Baedeker, a German who, in 1859, published a series of guidebooks. Mina Loy’s title, therefore, translates to either â€Å"a guide to the moon† or a † a guide to the moon’s cycle or cycles.† The first stanza is very autobiographical; it refers to Loy’s falling in love with her second husband, Fabien Avernarius Lloyd, also known as Arthur Cravan. â€Å"A silver Lucifer/ serves/ cocaine in cornucopia† Silver here can be read as a shiny, white color, or highly persuasive, or a metal that has the highest thermal and electrical conductivity. Lucifer can mean a fallen rebel or a fallen star. If you read ‘Lucifer’ as ‘star’ it fits in well with Loy’s celestial theme, but it is better construed as a fallen rebel, because Loy’s second husband, Cravan, was constantly on the run for being a draft dodger. The fact that he was silver describes him as beautiful, pure, and persuasive. The fact that silver has the highest thermal and electrical conductivity says that he had a lot of sex appeal and â€Å"sparks flew† between him and the poet. Cocaine is a highly addictive substance that causes euphoric effect. The fact that it is â€Å"served . . . in cornucopia† makes Loy sound very much like a young girl who is giddy with love and cannot get enough of her beau. A rendition of the couple’s bedroom life is in the next stanza: â€Å"To some somnambulists/ of adolescent thighs/ draped/ in satirical draperies† Though Loy has two children from a previous marriage, these lines make Loy sound like a virgin in her husband’s bed. The term ‘somnambulists’ means sleepwalkers, which keys you into this pertaining to night activities. Thighs are a common representation of sexuality, as they are so close to the sex organs anyway, and by describing what I assume are Loy’s own thighs as  Ã¢â‚¬Å"adolescent† she represents her own sexuality as immature, underdeveloped, vulnerable and unused. By being â€Å"draped/ in satirical draperies† Loy says that her immaturity is hidden, but only by clothing or cloth that intentionally exposes and criticizes her puerility. Loy’s third child, Fabienne, is referred to in the third stanza. â€Å"Peris in livery/ prepare/ Lethe/ for posthumous parvenus† Peris, which is not ‘Paris’ misspelled, is actually the plural form of the noun Peri. A Peri is a woman or girl who is descended from fallen angels and is excluded from Paradise. The term can also be used to describe a beautiful girl. Livery is servants’ clothing, implying that this ‘Peri’ is not from a wealthy family. Lethe is the river in Hades that would erase one’s memories if she were to drink from it. The ‘posthumous parvenues,’ however, is what ties this whole stanza into Fabienne. Loy’s husband, Cravan, married his wife in Mexico where he was dodging the draft. They separated and were supposed to meet up just before they returned to the United States, but Cravan never showed, nor was he ever seen again. Loy searched for him, and later he was assumed dead. Loy was already pregnant with Fabienne, and posthumous can mean ‘born after the death of the father.’ Better yet, a parvenu is one who is unaccustomed to wealth or power, but has recently gained a position of such but hasn’t gained the prestige that comes with the station. Fabienne, as a newborn, is completely unaware of the fact that she has just joined the human race. The fourth stanza of Loy’s poem, â€Å"Delirious Avenues/ lit/ with the chandelier souls/ of infusoria/ from Pharaoh’s tombstones† is a description of Loy’s search for her missing husband. The chandelier reference is also key because shortly after â€Å"Lunar Baedeker† is published, Loy opens a lamp shop and designs the lamps and fixtures herself. At the time that the poem was written, she was probably already dabbling in the art. The â€Å"Delirious Avenues† is a reference to her constantly searching blindly, with no clues, in every place or pathway her husband could be. The people who are a part of Cravan, Fabienne and Mina herself brighten the avenues; they are the â€Å"chandelier souls,† branches, pieces of Cravan. The â€Å"Pharaoh’s tombstone† indicates that Loy finally coming to terms with the fact that her husband is most likely dead. The acceptance of the loss of Cravan comes in the next stanza: â€Å"lead/ to mercurial doomsdays/ Odious oasis/ in furrowed phosphorous† â€Å"Lead† can be interpreted in more than one-way. It can indicate that Loy was brought to a conclusion by the previous stanza, but it can also be defined as the first punch in a boxing match. This is important because Cravan was known as the â€Å"boxer poet† because he was really only a second rate poet and used prize fighting to supplement his income. â€Å"Mercurial† is a reference to Mercury, who is the Greek god of travel, cunning, and theft, and is also associated with swiftness. Mercury is also the second reference in the poem to a shiny, silver colored element; in this case it is a poisonous element. In keeping with Loy’s celestial theme, Mercury is also the closest planet to the sun. Therefore, this doomsday, the loss of her husband, came swiftly, is like poison to her heart, and the heat of the planet Mercury can be paralleled to the fire of Hell. The term â€Å"Odious oasis† is an oxymoron. Loy’s only relief in submitting to the fact that her husband would never return to her was that she could give up searching for him. Her oasis is â€Å"in furrowed phosphorous† because she feels the loneliest at night, the term phosphorous, meaning something that glows or shines, is referring to the stars in the sky. The next stanza is somewhat cryptic, though the many references to white and light and the moon, â€Å"the eye-white sky-light/ white light district,† made me think of virginity and purity. The final line, â€Å"of lunar lusts,† indicates the sexual needs or desires of one who is chaste, another oxymoron. It is most likely Loy voicing her loneliness. At this point in the poem, Loy’s blending of words happens more and more. The first line is â€Å"—Stellectric signs,† —Stellectric being the combination of constellation and electric, meaning that Loy is taking meaning from the constellations in the night sky. The first sign she sees is â€Å"‘wing shows on Starway'† If looked at from a point of view where this is an actual show, as in a theatrical presentation, a wing can be defined as a dance step, and the Starway can be the stage, something similar to Broadway. Loy’s next sign is the â€Å"‘Zodiac carrousel'† which is the cycle of astrological signs that are represented by the constellations in the night sky. A carrousel is a  children’s amusement ride where one would sit on an animal-shape, which would tie in to the zodiac. A carrousel can also mean a cycle of activity that is complex and fast-paced and difficult to break free from. This shows that Loy was in a cycle that she may have been unhappy with. Both the zodiac and the carrousel are the first two of many references to things that are cyclical, or go in circles, or are round even. The next two references to cyclical occurrences are in the next stanza. â€Å"Cyclones† are high-powered storms with low pressure at the center, 99% of which in the northern hemisphere spin in a counterclockwise motion. The fact that they run counterclockwise could be Loy’s rebellion against the cycles she is trapped in, or her feeling that she is stuck in a backward cycle, or a backward life. These cyclones consist â€Å"of ecstatic dust/ and ash† means that Loy’s grief for the loss of her husband is beyond her reason and self-control. The dust represents what something disintegrates into when it is reduced to its lowest form, and can also mean a state of humiliation. The ash, which is the carbon left after something is burned completely, is symbolic of Loy’s grief, repentance and humility. An ash is also a type of tree that has a tough, elastic wood, which represents Loy’s strength and malleability, indicating that she will heal from this l oss. The dust and ashes â€Å"whirl† in this cyclone, another indicator of a circular, cyclical pattern. The next part of the stanza refers to â€Å"crusaders/ from the hallucinatory citadels/ of shattered glass/ into evacuate craters† The hallucinatory citadels is the safety and security Loy thought she had with Cravan. The shattered glass represents Loy’s broken dreams about her ruined marriage and the evacuate craters, which are probably on the moon, are the emptiness into which her broken dreams are siphoned. Crater is another important hint to Loy’s personal life also. Loy was a painter and an artist and a crater can also be a dimple in a painted surface, meaning that there were visible flaws in Loy’s life. Though Loy’s dreams concerning Cravan are broken and gone, she still had goals and aspirations, in fact, she has â€Å"A flock of dreams† still. Those dreams do sometimes â€Å"browse on Necropolis† which means she often thinks of and dreams about her lost husband, Necropolis being the city of the dead. The next stanza is a return to Loy’s lunar theme, and also a reference to a used and tarnished womanhood. â€Å"From the shores/ of oval oceans† The word oval means elliptical and egg shaped, which the orbits of the planets and moons are, but also it is derived from the Latin word ovum, which our word for the female sex cell. The â€Å"oxidized Orient† is the phrase that truly represents a tarnished womanhood. Oxidation is when something has been exposed to oxygen, which has cause a corrosion that is often black, brown or green. Orient is another reference to the moon, which in turn represents chastity. Orient can mean the East, where the sun and moon rise from, or rising in the sky, and also the luster of a pearl. The next image that Loy presents us with is the loss of her thirst for life. In â€Å"Onyx-eyed Odalisques/ and ornithologists/ observe the flight/ of Eros obsolete† dark eyed concubines and studiers of birds watch, inspect, and celebrate as Loy’s no longer useful lust, as Eros is the Greek god of erotic love, and her life-preserving instinct, which is also represented in Eros, leave her. The next stanza where Loy refers to her â€Å"‘Immortality'† as it â€Å"mildews/ in the museums of the moon† Immortality could refer not only to her unending love for Cravan, but also the possibility of her being famous for her writing or her art. The fact that it can mildew means that there truly is no such thing as immortality, but if there was, it would be in a place where it would be looked at and not used: a museum. This museum would be in the moon because the moon represents an unreachable place or goal. The next two lines are direct references to the moon. The â€Å"‘Nocturnal cyclops'† would be the one-eyed being that is active only at night. With the â€Å"‘Crystal concubine'† crystal represents something transparent and pretty, while concubine represents an unmarried woman who lives with a man, which is symbolic of the moon’s relationship with the sun. The very last stanza of â€Å"Lunar Baedeker† is full of meaning. It refers to the moon as â€Å"Pocked with personification† One general thinks that pocked means  to have craters or indents, when in reality it means to have pustules that are filled with infection. By being â€Å"Pocked with personification† the moon is infected with human attributes. The moon is also considered â€Å"the fossil virgin of the skies† Fossil here refers to the fact that the moons representation of purity and chastity are outdated and a remnant of the past. This is also another allusion to astrology in that the virgin, or Virgo, is a sign of the Zodiac. The final three words of this poem are very powerful. When thoroughly considered they represent an inner struggle and inner turmoil. To wax is to increase, grow or intensify, but it can also mean rage. Wane, on the other hand, means to decrease in size and diminish, but it can also be used to describe a loss of power or a fall from power. â€Å"waxes and wanes—-† This is symbolic of Loy’s struggle with her anger and pain after the loss of her husband, and in waning, she relents to her feelings.